{"id":1032,"date":"2015-05-01T10:58:40","date_gmt":"2015-05-01T09:58:40","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/osianrhysjones.com\/?p=1032"},"modified":"2020-05-17T17:41:25","modified_gmt":"2020-05-17T16:41:25","slug":"machynys-trafod-cynghanedd-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/osian.cymru\/en\/machynys-trafod-cynghanedd-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Machynys: Trafod Cynghanedd #2"},"content":{"rendered":"

Yn Eisteddfod Sir G\u00e2r 2014 yn Llanelli, pe byddech wedi blino ar dramwyo\u2019r maes, neu laru ar gystadlu a chanu a chwrw mewn gwydrau plastig, gallech fod wedi mynd am hoe hamddenol ar lawntiau Clwb Golff Machynys. Neu \u201cMachynys Clwb Golff\u201d, fel y dywed eu gwefan. Neu \u201cMachynys Peninsula Golf Club & Premier Spa\u201d, os mynnwch.<\/p>\n

F\u00fbm i ddim yno fy hun gan na f\u00fbm i erioed mwy na chadi brwdfrydig i\u2019m Tad ambell dro pan \u00e2i yntau i chwarae rownd ar y Sul rhwng twyni a choedydd bythwyrdd Clwb Golff Pwllheli. Os dim arall, roedd yn esgus i beidio \u00e2 mynd i\u2019r capel.<\/p>\n

P\u2019run bynnag, mae\u2019n debyg y byddai gen i lawer mwy o ddiddordeb gweld olion hen weithfeydd tun Machynys a\u2019r cartrefi a godwyd i\u2019r gweithwyr. Ond ers eu dirywiad a\u2019u cau yn y 1960au, nid oes olion ar \u00f4l i\u2019w gweld erbyn hyn.<\/p>\n

Dyma ddod \u00e2 ni felly at drafod y gynghanedd, ac yn benodol rhai ystyriaethau am yr \u2018h\u2019 a\u2019i defnydd o fewn y gynghanedd.<\/p>\n

Mae\u2019n hen arfer bellach i feirdd hepgor ateb yr ‘h’ mewn cynghanedd, gan drin ei sain bron gyfystyr \u00e2 llafariad.<\/p>\n

Prysuraf i ddweud nad trafod cynganeddion mewn dull sy\u2019n ceisio eu categoreiddio yn \u2018gywir\u2019 nac yn \u2018anghywir\u2019 ydw i. Achos y tuedd i chwilio am gywirdeb cynganeddol absoliwt sy\u2019n llesteirio dysgwyr a chynganeddwyr fwy profiadol fel ei gilydd, weithiau. Mae modd taro p\u00eal golff yn y glaswellt brasaf os ydi\u2019ch swing<\/em> yn ddigon da!<\/p>\n

Ystyriwn ni felly\u2019r cynganeddion yma:<\/p>\n

Ewch heno i Fachynys<\/strong><\/p>\n

Chwi henwyr o Fachynys<\/strong><\/p>\n

Haenog yw tir Machynys<\/strong><\/p>\n

Awn heno i Fachynys<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ymhob un o\u2019r cynganeddion isod mae \u2018h\u2019 sydd yn chwarae rhan; hynny ydi, mae pob cynghanedd yn anwybyddu\u2019r \u2018h\u2019 yn eu tro, a hynny i raddau gwahanol.<\/p>\n

Sut mae nhw\u2019n swnio i chi?<\/p>\n

Gyda chlust astud, dwi\u2019n si\u0175r y byddwch yn sylwi bod yr \u2018h\u2019 yn hanner gyntaf y llinell, fesul enghraifft, yn dod yn fwyfwy amlwg yn y llinell.<\/p>\n

Dewisais sain gref yr \u2018ch\u2019 yn fwriadol i arddangos ei heffaith ar yr \u2018h\u2019. Yn yr enghraifft gyntaf, mae sain yr \u2018ch\u2019 yn llyncu sain yr \u2018h\u2019 yn gyfan gwbl. Rydan ni wedi taro’r b\u00eal i ganol y ffordd deg* yn fan hyn. (*fairway<\/em> \u2013 diolchiadau i Briws)<\/p>\n

Yn yr ail a\u2019r trydydd enghraifft mae\u2019r b\u00eal yn dal ar yr un ffordd deg, ond efallai bod y twll anoddach i\u2019w gyrraedd o fan hyn.<\/p>\n

Yn yr ail enghraifft mae sain yr \u2018h\u2019 wedi ei gwahanu oddi wrth yr \u2018ch\u2019, felly\u2019n sain ar ei phen ei hun. Ond mae cryfder yr \u2018ch\u2019 yn dal i daflu cysgod drosti rhyw fymryn. Heb yr \u2018ch\u2019 yn y drydedd enghraifft, rydym yn rhoi llawer mwy o bwyslais ar yr \u2018h\u2019, nes ein bod yn hanner disgwyl ei chlywed yn ail hanner y llinell, ond ch:n yw\u2019r cyfuniad a gawn ni yn \u2018Machynys\u2019. Ond bownsiodd y b\u00eal yn weddol garedig yr un fath.<\/p>\n

Wrth ddod at yr enghraifft olaf wedyn, down ar draws yr enghraifft eithafol, ond cyfffredin, o ddefnyddio dau oddefiad fel un. Mae\u2019r llinell yn goddef yr \u2018n\u2019 wreiddgoll a\u2019r \u2018h\u2019 sy\u2019n ei dilyn, er mwyn ateb y gynghanedd fel hyn:<\/p>\n

(n)(h):n \/ (f) ch:n<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Ond i mi, mae tipyn o wahaniaeth rhwng y cyfuniad \u2018n + h\u2019 y llinell hon a \u2018ch + h\u2019 y llinell gyntaf. Ystyriwch y llinell hon:<\/p>\n

Un annwyl ond cynhennus
\nn : n \/ (n d c) n (h) :nn<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Dydi\u2019r \u2018n\u2019 ddim yn yddfol ymwthgar fel yr \u2018ch\u2019, felly mae mwy o wahaniaeth sain rhwng y cyfuniadau \u2018n & h\u2019 ac \u2018ch & h\u2019, gyda sain yr \u2018h\u2019 yn amlycach yn y cyntaf.<\/p>\n

Cofiaf Karen Owen yn beirniadu tuedd beirdd i osgoi\u2019r \u2018h\u2019 a\u2019r \u2018n\u2019 ar ddechrau llinell, gan osgoi ateb \u2018n\u2019 wreiddgoll ar \u00f4l yr \u2018h\u2019! Ffordd ddiog o gael y gair \u201cheno\u201d i ddechrau\u2019r llinell, o bosib. Fy nhyb i ydi nad yw\u2019r cyfan wedi\u2019i golli yn y bedwaredd enghraifft uchod (\u2018Awn heno i Fachynys\u2019), ond clywaf lais rhywle y tu \u00f4l i mi, trwy’r gwynt, yn gweiddi \u201cFf\u00f4r!\u201d<\/p>\n

Gobeithio mai gweld posibiliadau ac nid rhwystrau a thramgwyddau fyddwch chi, boed hynny wrth chwarae golff, neu chwarae \u00e2\u2019r gynghanedd. Clwb croesawgar yw un y gynghanedd, wedi\u2019r cyfan; does dim diwrnod arbennig i\u2019r merched (croeso unrhyw bryd!) ac mae croeso i chi wisgo j\u00eens.<\/p>\n

Un ystyriaeth cyn hel eich syched tua\u2019r pedwaredd twll ar bymtheg: meddyliwch am oddefiadau\u2019r gynghanedd fel handicap golff. Mae nhw yno i helpu\u2019ch cerdyn sgorio, ond eu cael i lawr yw\u2019r nod; mireinio a chysoni\u2019ch swing yn wyneb yr elfennau.<\/p>\n

Neu a oes ysbrydoliaeth i\u2019w gael yng ngeiriau neb llai na Winston Churchill pan ddywedodd:<\/p>\n

\u201cGolf is a game whose aim is to hit a very small ball into an even smaller hole, with weapons singularly ill-designed for the purpose.\u201d<\/p><\/blockquote>\n

Tybed.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dyma ail erthygl yng nghyfres Osian ar y gynghanedd. Yma mae’n trafod yr ‘h’ o fewn y llinell, ac os dylid ei hateb ai peidio.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1034,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"image","meta":{"_uag_custom_page_level_css":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[],"tags":[214],"persona":[],"class_list":["post-1032","post","type-post","status-publish","format-image","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","tag-cynghanedd","post_format-post-format-image"],"yoast_head":"\nMachynys: Trafod Cynghanedd #2<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Dyma ail erthygl yng nghyfres Osian ar y gynghanedd. 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